Since manual irrigation being performed during daily life hours, it is difficult to control the timing and amount in such irrigation. If not exerted at the right time and in the right amounts, irrigation will cause serious problems for plant health and development such as saltiness in the soil, leaf burns, fungus diseases, variegations in color, algae growth, and root rot. Irrigation carried out at high temperature in the daytime will cause huge amounts of water loss due to evaporation, and will deteriorate the soil quality and the plant’s nutritive balance.

Sprinkling, drip irrigation, and transpiration are controlled irrigation systems. Sprinkling irrigation systems are set up in two different ways as earth sprinkling systems and rotor and spray sprinkling systems –in manual and automatic ways respectively. 

 

Timing of irrigation and the amount of the water used can be controlled in automatic irrigation systems, thus preventing many possible damages wrong watering may cause. For instance, the best time period in which plants get the best profit from water is between 04.00 and 05.00 in the morning but it is rather troublesome for humans to do the watering at these hours. An automatically programmed system, however, will by-pass the human factor, and the system itself will take into operation, performing the irrigation during an adequate time period and in adequate amounts.